Sep 19, 2014 i worked on data fusion problems for many years. The available data fusion techniques can be classified into three nonexclusive categories. Note that saw is level 2 data fusion in this model. The jdl dfg introduced a model of data fusion that divided the various processes. The basic answer is given pretty well by quora user in this thread. A number of cyber security technologies have proposed the use of data fusion to enhance the defensive capabilities of. The book instills a deeper understanding of the basics of multisensor data fusion as well as a practical knowledge of the problems that can be faced during its execution. The 1990s saw the introduction of the dasarathy model and the waterfall model. After averagepooling segment features learned by dbn to form a. The revised jdl model sensor data fusion systems can be met in several applications, from military to civilian. The jdl dfig introduced a model of data fusion that divided the various processes. Direct fusion is the fusion of sensor data from a set of heterogeneous or homogeneous sensors, soft sensors, and history values of sensor data, while indirect fusion uses information sources like a priori knowledge about the environment and human input. Sensor and data fusion for intelligent transportation systems introduces readers to the roles of the data fusion processes defined by the joint directors of laboratories jdl data fusion model, data fusion algorithms, and noteworthy applications of data fusion to its.
The jdl model the jdl model is a popular model in the data fusion field. Since 1988, the joint directors of laboratories jdl data fusion process model has served as a framework for information fusion research. However, this model provides only a highlevel roadmap for data fusion, we perhaps need some more guidance on what needs to be done. The problems can be seen as either classificationbased, relating to sensor deployment, placement, behavior and coordination in networks luo, 2002. In 1986 the joint directos of laboratories jdl data fusion working group began codifying data fusion terminology. Joint directors of l aboratories jdl data fusion group. Pdf revisiting the jdl data fusion model ii semantic scholar. Data fusion in multisensor environments makes it possible to obtain better detection probability and higher reliability by using data from multiple distributed sources.
Issues and challenges in situation assessment level 2 fusion pdf. Application of the jdl data fusion process model for cyber security nicklaus a. In this model, data fusion is divided into five levels as shown in table 1. Although most of existing fusion methods exhibit good performance on audiovisual emotion recognition tasks, they belong to shallow fusion models with a limited ability in jointly. An architectural selection framework for data fusion in. Data fusion techniques image fusion and algorithm fusion data fusion techniques combine data from different sources together. The visual data fusion model the visual data fusion model see fig. This research explores the underlying processes identified in the joint directors of laboratories jdl data fusion process model and further describes them in a.
Revisions to the jdl data fusion model, in handbook of multisensor data fusion, crc press 2001 the jdl data fusion model describes an automated process that presents information through an hci. A functional model of ais data fusion springerlink. Data fusion methods vary greatly depending on the type of problem and the surface to be integrated data. As result, data fusion process model, named jdlmodel, was created. The jdlmodel with subsequent revisions is the most widespread system for categorizing data.
From algorithms and architectural design to applications is a robust collection of modern multisensor data fusion methodologies. Based on this model, this paper introduces our works. Base on this knowledge, finetuning of the system as a whole is then performed. Application of the jdl data fusion process model to hard. Data fusion lexicon, jdl data fusion subgroup 1987 a process of combining data or information to estimate or predict entity states a n steinberg, c l bowman, f e white, 1998 this is a translation of an article in the periodical mikroskopet. This research explores the underlying processes identified in the joint directors of laboratories jdl data fusion process model and further describes them in a cyber security context. The goal of data fusion group is to coordinating department of defense activities and.
In the mid1980s, the joint directors of laboratories formed the data fusion subpanel which later became known as the data fusion group. Joint directors of laboratories and department of defense dod in 1985. A data fusion approach to indications and warnings of terrorist attacks david mcdaniel 1a, gregory schaefer a asilver bullet solutions, inc. With the advent of the world wide web, data fusion thus included data, sensor, and information fusion. This paper suggests refinements and extensions of the jdl data fusion model, the standard process model used for a multiplicity of community purposes. May 10, 2016 this video features a real world example of how the arcsight activate frameworks data fusion model is constructed. Revisions to the jdl data fusion model spie digital library. However, it has been revised by other researchers such as steinberg et al 7. Modelbased data fusion in industrial process instrumentation.
Oct 27, 20 this classification is the most popular conceptual model in the data fusion community. Advances are described in the application of hardsoft information fusion in condition monitoring using terms that conditionbased maintenance professionals in aviation will recognize. Adaptation of the jdl model for multisensor national cyber. Application of the jdl data fusion process model for cyber security. Steinberg and others published revision to the jdl data fusion model find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Learning affective features with a hybrid deep model for. Fusing multiple information sources together also produces a more. Adaptation of the jdl model for multisensor national cyber security data fusion. Data fusion, crc press 2001 the jdl data fusion model describes an automated process that presents information through an hci. This paper suggests refinements and extensions of the jdl data fusion model, the standard process mode l used for a multiplicity of community purposes. One decade of the data fusion information group dfig model. However, each of these models has particular advantages and disadvantages. This framework was developed to aid the developments in military applications. In this paper, refinements to the wellknown jdl data fusion model are proposed.
The gap between models, such as the jdl data fusion model, which describe a set of functions or processes which should be components of a deployed system to the actual. A new model for data and information fusion is proposed. This paper discusses the current effort to revise the expand this model to facilitate the costeffective development, acquisition, integration and operation of multi sensormultisource. It is the most widely used method for categorizing data fusion functionality in the us. Laboratories jdl published a model in 1992 that extends conventional singlesource methods to a multilevel, multisource inference hierarchy. Llinas and others published revisions and extensions to the jdl data fusion model ii find, read and cite all the. This paper reports on proposed revisions and expansions of the jdl data fusion model to remedy some of these deficiencies. One of the most widely used frameworks is the jdl data fusion framework. This classification is the most popular conceptual model in the data fusion community. Sensor and data fusion for intelligent transportation systems. The data fusion model maintained by the joint directors of laboratories jdl data fusion group is the most. Despite the wide variety of all those application domains the data fusion funct ional model is common and it was developed in 1985 by the u. These efforts date back to the late seventies and early eighties. This research explores the underlying processes identified in the joint directors of laboratories jdl data fusion process model and fu rther describes them in a cyber security context.
The first attempts at formalising the discipline of data fusion were made in the military domain of command, control, communications and intelligence or c 3 i. Multisensor data and knowledge fusiona proposal for a. The jdl model has been proposed by the us joint directors of laboratories data fusion subgroup in 1985. Giacobe college of information sciences and tec hnology, the pennsylvania state university 101 ist building, university park, pa 16802 abstract a number of cyber security technologies have proposed the use of data fusion to enhance the defensive capabilities of. Application of the jdl data fusion process model for cyber. Data fusion is the process of integrating multiple data sources to produce more consistent. The notion of global data fusion and its application to. At level 0, the predetection activities such as pixel or signal processing, spatial or temporal registration is present.
Data and information fusion dif involves a pro high. These organizations classified the data fusion process into five processing levels, an associated database, and an information bus that connects the five components see figure 3. The jdl data fusion model describes an automated process that presents information through an hci. It was originally proposed by jdl and the american department of defense dod. Group, with subsequent revisions, is the most widely. Two models that are fusionfocused are the datafeaturedecision dfd 4. Revisiting the jdl data fusion model ii james llinas1, christopher bowman2, galina rogova3, alan steinberg4, ed waltz5 and frank white6 abstract this paper suggests refinements and extensions of the jdl data fusion model, the standard process model used for a multiplicity of community purposes. This paper discusses the current effort to revise the expand this model to facilitate the costeffective development, acquisition, integration and operation of multi sensormultisource systems. The data fusion model maintained by the joint directors of laboratories jdl data fusion group is the most widelyused method for categorizing data fusionrelated functions. The data fusion model maintained by the joint directors of laboratories jdl data fusion group is the most widelyused method for categorizing data fusion related functions. The jdl model has been adapted to suit national level cyber sensor data fusion with the aim to formally define and reduce data ambiguity and enhance fusion capability in a real world system. Pdf one decade of the data fusion information group.
A number of cyber security technologies have proposed the use of data fusion to enhance the defensive capabilities of the network and aid in the development of. Table 1 jdl s 5 levels of data fusion t the tterminology of data fusion has been standardized by the joint directors of laboratories jdl in the form of a socalled jdl data fusion model. Pdf application of the jdl data fusion process model for cyber. From this work, the author considers figure 1 from 10 to be a good illustration of the overall data fusion process as per the jdl conception although this figure would need to be updated according to the revised version of the jdl model in 1. In 1998, the jdl model was revised to provide a framework for investment in automation, among other things. The jdldfig introduced a model of data fusion that divided the various processes.
Sensor and data fusion for intelligent transportation systems introduces readers to the roles of the data fusion processes defined by the joint directors of laboratories jdl data fusion model and the data fusion information group dfig enhancements, data fusion algorithms, and noteworthy applications of data fusion to intelligent transportation systems its. Some previous work has applied this model to cybersecurity see below. Pdf the 1999 joint director of labs jdl revised model. The jdl model allows data fusion techniques to be extensively employed on multisensor environments with the aim of merging and aggregating data from different sensors. The jdl model represents the first effort to provide a detailed model and a common terminology for the data fusion domain. A data fusion approach to indications and warnings of. This involves broadening the functional model and related taxonomy beyond the original military focus, and integrating the data fusion tree architecture model for system description, design and development. Level 1 is concerned with estimation and prediction of. The fusion network is trained to jointly learn a discriminative audiovisual segment feature representation.
Revisions to the jdl data fusion model 1999 steinberg. The initial data fusion lexicon, produced by the jdl data fusion subgroup in 1987, defined data fusion as a process dealing with the association, correlation, and combination of data and information from single and multiple sources to achieve refined position and identity. The main objective of employing fusion is to produce a fused result that provides the most detailed and reliable information possible. The first attempts at formalising the discipline of data fusion were made in the military domain of command, control, communications and intelligence or c 3i. In this regard, the data fusion model maintained by the joint directors of laboratoriesdata fusion group jdl dfg is the most widely used method for. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda.
Sensor fusion is also known as multisensor data fusion and is a subset of information fusion. Pdf revisions to the jdl data fusion model ankita jani. In 1993, the joint directorate laboratories jdl came up with a multilevel data fusion mod. Based on these models we proceed with a detailed discussion of a conceptual framework for situation awareness and assessment and conclude with a simple process flow of the proposed components. Rethinking the jdl data fusion levels 1 objective citeseerx. The jdl model with subsequent revisions is the most widespread system for categorizing data. Revisions to the jdl data fusion model revisions to the jdl data fusion model steinberg, alan n bowman, christopher l white, franklin e. Levels that are characterized in the original jdl model, including the introduction of a level 0 to the model. Data and information fusion dif involves a pro highlevel. To overcome these two problems, this paper proposes a functional model of ais data fusion. As result, data fusion process model, named jdl model, was created. Figure 14 omnibus model current research agenda system engineering and data fusion.
Pdf revisiting the jdl data fusion model ii semantic. In contrast to the jdl model, the model proposed by dasarathy 9, where fusion processes are divided into five levels, is more associated to the. A knowledge processing middleware framework and its. One of the essential tasks implemented in the jdl model is providing the quality information assessment information provided by the fusion of data, level 05. The potential attack surface of a nation is large and no single source of cyber security data provides all the required information to accurately describe the. The joint directors of laboratories jdl data fusion subpanel within the us department of defence originally defined this system in the early years of data fusion. Analysis, situation assessment, data fusion 1 introduction data fusion df is a key enabler to meeting the demanding requirements of military command decision support systems dsss. Giacobe college of information sciences and technology, the pennsylvania state university. Pdf revisions and extensions to the jdl data fusion model ii. This paper discusses the current effort to revise the expand this model to facilitate the costeffective development, acquisition, integration and operation of multi.
Figure 1a the updated jdl data fusion process model and 1b the omnibus model introduced in 1999. However, because their roots originate in the military domain, the employed terms are oriented to the risks that commonly occur in these scenarios. Jdl data fusion model jdl is the most popular and well known data fusion model. This model may provide a common frame of reference for discussions of ais data fusion as well as a checklist for functions a maritime situational awareness system should provide. Adaptation of the jdl model for multisensor national.